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GraphQL API

β˜‘οΈ Prerequisites

To use the GraphQL API, install the GraphQL plugin.

The GraphQL API allows performing queries and mutations to interact with the content-types through Strapi's GraphQL plugin. Results can be filtered, sorted and paginated.

Unified response format​

Responses are unified with the GraphQL API in that:

  • queries and mutations that return information for a single entry mainly use a XxxEntityResponse type
  • queries and mutations that return i️nformation for multiple entries mainly use a XxxEntityResponseCollection type, which includes meta information (with pagination) in addition to the data itself

Responses can also include an error (see error handling documentation).

Example: Response formats for queries and mutations with an example 'Article' content-type
type ArticleEntityResponse {
data: ArticleEntity
}

type ArticleEntityResponseCollection {
data: [ArticleEntityResponse!]!
meta: ResponseCollectionMeta!
}

query {
article(...): ArticleEntityResponse # find one
articles(...): ArticleEntityResponseCollection # find many
}

mutation {
createArticle(...): ArticleEntityResponse # create
updateArticle(...): ArticleEntityResponse # update
deleteArticle(...): ArticleEntityResponse # delete
}

Queries​

Queries in GraphQL are used to fetch data without modifying it.

We assume that the Shadow CRUD feature is enabled. For each model, the GraphQL plugin auto-generates queries and mutations that mimics basic CRUD operations (findMany, findOne, create, update, delete).

Fetch a single entry​

Single entries can be found by their id.

Example query: Find the entry with id 1
query {
document(id: 1) {
data {
id
attributes {
title
categories {
data {
id
attributes {
name
}
}
}
}
}
}
}

Fetch multiple entries​

Example query: Find all documents and populate 'categories' relation with the 'name' attribute
query {
documents {
data {
id
attributes {
title
categories {
data {
id
attributes {
name
}
}
}
}
}
meta {
pagination {
page
pageSize
total
pageCount
}
}
}
}

Fetch dynamic zone data​

Dynamic zones are union types in graphql so you need to use fragments to query the fields.

query {
restaurants {
data {
attributes {
dynamiczone {
__typename
...on ComponentDefaultClosingperiod {
label
}
}
}
}
}
}

Mutations​

Mutations in GraphQL are used to modify data (e.g. create, update, delete data).

Create a new entry​

mutation createArticle {
createArticle(data: { title: "Hello"}) {
data {
id
attributes {
title
}
}
}
}

The implementation of the mutations also supports relational attributes. For example, you can create a new User and attach many Restaurant to it by writing your query like this:

mutation {
createUser(
data: {
username: "John"
email: "john@doe.com"
restaurants: ["1", "2"]
}
) {
data {
id
attributes {
username
email
restaurants {
data {
id
attributes {
name
description
price
}
}
}
}
}
}
}

Update an existing entry​

mutation updateArticle {
updateArticle(id: "1", data: { title: "Hello" }) {
data {
id
attributes {
title
}
}
}
}

You can also update relational attributes by passing an ID or an array of IDs (depending on the relationship).

mutation {
updateRestaurant(
id: "5b5b27f8164f75c29c728110"
data: {
chef: "1" // User ID
}
}) {
data {
id
attributes {
chef {
data {
attributes {
username
email
}
}
}
}
}
}
}

Delete an entry​

mutation deleteArticle {
deleteArticle(id: 1) {
data {
id
attributes {
title
}
}
}
}

Filters​

Queries can accept a filters parameter with the following syntax:

filters: { field: { operator: value } }

Logical operators (and, or, not) can also be used and accept arrays of objects.

The following operators are available:

OperatorDescription
eqEqual
neNot equal
ltLess than
lteLess than or equal to
gtGreater than
gteGreater than or equal to
inIncluded in an array
notInNot included in an array
containsContains, case sensitive
notContainsDoes not contain, case sensitive
containsiContains, case insensitive
notContainsiDoes not contain, case insensitive
nullIs null
notNullIs not null
betweenIs between
startsWithStarts with
endsWithEnds with
andLogical and
orLogical or
notLogical not
Example query with filters
{
documents(filters: { name: { eq: "test" }, or: [{ price: { gt: 10 }}, { title: { startsWith: "Book" }}] }) {
data {
id
}
}
}

Sorting​

Queries can accept a sort parameter with the following syntax:

  • to sort based on a single value: sort: "value"
  • to sort based on multiple values: sort: ["value1", "value2"]

The sorting order can be defined with :asc (ascending order, default, can be omitted) or :desc (for descending order).

Example request: Sorting on title by ascending order
{
documents(sort: "title") {
data {
id
}
}
}
Example request: Sorting on title by descending order
{
documents(sort: "title:desc") {
data {
id
}
}
}
Example request: Sorting on title by ascending order, then on price by descending order
{
documents(sort: ["title:asc", "price:desc"]) {
data {
id
}
}
}

Pagination​

Queries can accept a pagination parameter. Results can be paginated either by page or by offset.

✏️ Note

Pagination methods can not be mixed. Always use either page with pageSize or start with limit.

Pagination by page​

ParameterDescriptionDefault
pagination[page]Page number1
pagination[pageSize]Page size10
Example query: Pagination by page
{
documents(pagination: { page: 1, pageSize: 10 }) {
data {
id
}
meta {
pagination {
page
pageSize
pageCount
total
}
}
}
}

Pagination by offset​

ParameterDescriptionDefaultMaximum
pagination[start]Start value0-
pagination[limit]Number of entities to return10-1
Example query: Pagination by offset
{
documents(pagination: { start: 20, limit: 30 }) {
data {
id
}
meta {
pagination {
start
limit
}
}
}
}
πŸ’‘ Tip

The default and maximum values for pagination[limit] can be configured in the ./config/plugins.js file with the graphql.config.defaultLimit and graphql.config.maxLimit keys.